In the early 1980s, American scientists invented a thin layer composite membrane that allowed 90% NaCl dialysis and 99% sucrose to be trapped. Obviously, this film cannot be called reverse osmosis membrane (because it cannot hold inorganic salt), nor does it belong to the category of ultrafiltration membrane (because it cannot dialyze low molecular weight organic matters). Since 95% of molecules Intercepted is about 1 nanometer, so this membrane is called "Nano-filtration". Nano-filtration membrane can intercept substances of molecular weight from 200 to 1000, and it is suitable for desalination, monosaccharide release and concentration as well depending on the fact that it can dialyze 90% of NaCl, concentration and other processes.
 
Most of the Nano-filtration membranes are a loose multi-layer structure. Compared with reverse osmosis, they have a higher permeability flux even in high salinity and low pressure conditions because the inorganic salt can be dialyzed and then make Nano-filtration pressure much lower than reverse osmosis. In this way, Nano-filtration process needs less pressure than reverse osmosis under the same membrane flux. And at the same pressure, the Nano-filtration membrane flux is much larger than the reverse osmosis. In addition, Nano-filtration can process concentration and desalination in parallel. Nano-filtration is much more effective than reverse osmosis. With the above characteristics, Nano-filtration membrane are widely used to concentrate antibiotics and synthetic drugs at normal temperature with low cost but high yield.
 
Features of Nano-filtration membrane equipment:

 High filling density and low unit area cost;

 Multilayer loose structures;

 High permeability even at high salinity and low pressure conditions.
 
Applications:

 Pharmaceutical (desalination of antibiotic resin solution, concentration of vitamins)

 Dye (desalting concentration which will substitute salting out and acid precipitation)

 Amino acid (decolorization, concentration and desalination)

 Food (oligosaccharides, separation and purification of starch and sugar, fruit juice concentration and plant extracts)

 Mother liquor recovery (MSG mother liquor impurity, glucose crystallization mother liquor impurity, etc.)

 Water treatment (printing and dyeing wastewater treatment, water reuse, ultra-pure water preparation)

 Acid, alkali recovery (washing acid of pharmaceutical industry, alkali waste, chemical industry acid waste, alkali)




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